Let’s discover what are terpenes and all the different types of terps!
It is a common fact that no two cannabis strains are the same and this adds to the cerebral experience of it all. However, what causes this difference in taste and aroma from one strain to the next? The answer is terpenes.
What are Terpenes?
Terps are the aromatic compounds responsible for the way cannabis buds smell. They are secreted by the same pot plant glands that are used to produce THC and CBD during the flowering phase.
So far, there are over 100 terpenes, all with their own unique flavour, smell, and medicinal properties. Terps provide a wide range of tastes and smells from berry, mint, citrus, and many more. These flavours make cannabis plants stand out from the crowd.
However, all plants produce terpenes. For example, these are also responsible for creating the smell of mint and lavender plants. That is why all flavours and aromas of terpenes are named after plants.
Terps are not only associated with aromas since they offer a number of health benefits to the human body as well. Whether you are struggling with anxiety, insomnia, nausea, stress, muscle strain, or some other condition, there is probably a terpene to make you feel better.
The Chemistry Behind Terps
The terpene molecules can be further divided into two types called monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes.
Monoterpenes
These include light terpenes such as myrcene, limonene, and terpinolene (explained below). They produce more of a floral scent like rose, jasmine, geranium, and apple. Due to them being lightweight, monoterpenes evaporate faster.
Sesquiterpenes
These include heavy terpenes such as caryophyllene and humulene. These terpenes produce more pungent scents like musk, tea tree, diesel fuel, and more. Sesquiterpenes can influence the flavour and aroma more since they are heavier.
How are terpenes different from cannabinoids?
Cannabinoids are chemical compounds that are found in cannabis such as THC and CBD. The former is what causes the ‘high’ factor that people experience when they smoke weed, while the latter is becoming more and more popular for its medicinal properties.
On the other hand, terpenes are different since their primary aim is the smells of the plants. The key difference is that the body absorbs and uses these compounds in different ways.
Different Types of Terps
Limonene
As the name implies, this terpene has a zesty citrus flavour. It is typically found in cannabis varieties like Pineapple Express. Citrus strains are known for their depression-fighting qualities due to their high limonene count. This terpene can also treat bronchitis and assist in weight loss.
Myrcene
This terpene is known for its anti-insomnia properties. It can also act as an anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-spasmodic. Due to its sedating side effects, it also makes a great pain reliever.
Alpha-Pinene / Beta-Pinene
This is one of the terpenes that make beer and weed such a great pair since it complements the taste of your favourite lager. It can also act as an anti-inflammatory, and antiseptic, and it can also help to combat asthma.
Delta 3 Carene
A self-medicating terpene. Delta 3 Carene is known for its soothing and anti-inflammatory properties. This terp can be found naturally in rosemary.
Alpha Bisabolol
Alpha Bisabolol has wound-healing properties and it can also be used as a natural deodorant replacement. It also has a floral flavour that is found in chamomile, and it can help fight bacteria and soothes inflammation.
Linalool
Linalool has a floral sweet sensation typically found in lavender, but also, in mint, flowers, and cinnamon. It is perfect for treating anxiety and depression. It can also help in clearing up acne.
Borneol
This terpene is known as an effective pain reliever while also having antiseptic and anti-insomnia qualities.
Caryophyllene
This terpene is a miracle worker when it comes to depression, PTSD, anxiety, migraines, nausea and muscle and joint stress.
Eucalyptol
This terpene is found in eucalyptus leaves, and it works wonders on your gums and skin. It can also be found in cough suppressants and mouthwashes.
Terpineol
Found in soaps and perfumes due to its pleasing sensation.
Cineole
If you are in need of brain stimulation, this is the one. On the medical side of things, cineole is great for anti-inflammatory and antibiotic needs.
Conclusion
Terpenes are the compounds responsible for the way plants smell and they are abundant in cannabis and many other plants. However, as seen in this article, they are also responsible for a number of health benefits for both plants and the human body.
Do you have a favourite? Tell us which terpene is your favourite…and why?!
Keep checking out our blog for more tips and updates on cannabis in Malta!